Title | Prognostic relevance of integrated genetic profiling in acute myeloid leukemia. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2012 |
Authors | Patel, Jay P., Gönen Mithat, Figueroa Maria E., Fernandez Hugo, Sun Zhuoxin, Racevskis Janis, Van Vlierberghe Pieter, Dolgalev Igor, Thomas Sabrena, Aminova Olga, Huberman Kety, Cheng Janice, Viale Agnes, Socci Nicholas D., Heguy Adriana, Cherry Athena, Vance Gail, Higgins Rodney R., Ketterling Rhett P., Gallagher Robert E., Litzow Mark, van den Brink Marcel R. M., Lazarus Hillard M., Rowe Jacob M., Luger Selina, Ferrando Adolfo, Paietta Elisabeth, Tallman Martin S., Melnick Ari, Abdel-Wahab Omar, and Levine Ross L. |
Journal | N Engl J Med |
Volume | 366 |
Issue | 12 |
Pagination | 1079-89 |
Date Published | 2012 Mar 22 |
ISSN | 1533-4406 |
Keywords | Adolescent, Adult, Antibiotics, Antineoplastic, Daunorubicin, DNA Fingerprinting, DNA Mutational Analysis, Gene Duplication, Humans, Induction Chemotherapy, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Middle Aged, Mutation, Nucleophosmin, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Translocation, Genetic, Young Adult |
Abstract | <p><b>BACKGROUND: </b>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with respect to presentation and clinical outcome. The prognostic value of recently identified somatic mutations has not been systematically evaluated in a phase 3 trial of treatment for AML.</p><p><b>METHODS: </b>We performed a mutational analysis of 18 genes in 398 patients younger than 60 years of age who had AML and who were randomly assigned to receive induction therapy with high-dose or standard-dose daunorubicin. We validated our prognostic findings in an independent set of 104 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS: </b>We identified at least one somatic alteration in 97.3% of the patients. We found that internal tandem duplication in FLT3 (FLT3-ITD), partial tandem duplication in MLL (MLL-PTD), and mutations in ASXL1 and PHF6 were associated with reduced overall survival (P=0.001 for FLT3-ITD, P=0.009 for MLL-PTD, P=0.05 for ASXL1, and P=0.006 for PHF6); CEBPA and IDH2 mutations were associated with improved overall survival (P=0.05 for CEBPA and P=0.01 for IDH2). The favorable effect of NPM1 mutations was restricted to patients with co-occurring NPM1 and IDH1 or IDH2 mutations. We identified genetic predictors of outcome that improved risk stratification among patients with AML, independently of age, white-cell count, induction dose, and post-remission therapy, and validated the significance of these predictors in an independent cohort. High-dose daunorubicin, as compared with standard-dose daunorubicin, improved the rate of survival among patients with DNMT3A or NPM1 mutations or MLL translocations (P=0.001) but not among patients with wild-type DNMT3A, NPM1, and MLL (P=0.67).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>We found that DNMT3A and NPM1 mutations and MLL translocations predicted an improved outcome with high-dose induction chemotherapy in patients with AML. These findings suggest that mutational profiling could potentially be used for risk stratification and to inform prognostic and therapeutic decisions regarding patients with AML. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others.).</p> |
DOI | 10.1056/NEJMoa1112304 |
Alternate Journal | N Engl J Med |
PubMed ID | 22417203 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC3545649 |
Grant List | CA114737 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U54 CA143798 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U10 CA021115 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States / HHMI / Howard Hughes Medical Institute / United States P30 CA008748 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R01 CA056771 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U10 CA023318 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U54 CA143798-01 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States CA21115 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U24 CA114737 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States CA56771 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U54CA143798-01 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R01 CA155743 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States |